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Stir the yeast, pinch of sugar, and warm milk together in small bowl. Let rest until the top of the mixture is foamy, 5-10 minutes.
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In the bowl of a mixer fitted with a dough hook, combine the sugar, flour, salt, and egg. Add the tangzhong and yeast mixture mix on low speed until a shaggy dough forms.
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Add the butter, one piece at time, mixing until each piece is fully incorporated before adding the next.
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Increase the speed to medium-high and beat until the soft, smooth, and slightly sticky, about 8-9 minutes.
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Use damp hands to shape the dough into a smooth ball, pinching and pulling the ends together.
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Place the dough ball into a large, greased mixing bowl. Cover with plastic wrap and set in a warm place to rise until the dough has doubled in size, about 2 hours.